ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS PERFORMED BY ANNA IN “FROZEN II”

The research aims to identify the illocutionary act performed by Anna the secondary character in Frozen II. The research design of this paper is a qualitative framework in content analysis method. The unit of analysis was 218 utterances as illocutionary acts from the movie script. The utterances then were analysed and categorized into types of illoctionary acts. According to the result of the research, there are four types of illocutionary acts in the script, there are; 60 representatives utterances, 54 directives utterances, 5 commisives utterances, and 100 expressive utterances. Meanwhile, declarative utterance was not found


INTRODUCTION
Language can be defined as a socially shared combination of those symbols and rules governed combinations of those symbols. Moreover, language can be defined as a socially acceptable code or conventional system to convey concepts through the use of the symbols desired and the combination of symbols that are governed by the provisions (Owen, in Stiawan, 2006). It means that communication is the act of expressing intended meanings from one entity or group to another by means of the use of a symbol with semiotic rules that are understood concurrently.
Speech act can be divided into three parts; locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act. Locutionary act is to say something (locution) with a certain meaning in its true meaning. This may not be a speech act. Meanwhile, illocutionary action referes to the performance of an action in saying something (vs the general action of saying something). The importance of illocution is the purpose of the speaker; for example, inform, command, warn, do. Moreover, perlocutionary actions can be defined as the act of speaking that affects the feelings, opinions, or actions of the speaker or hearer. In other words, they are trying to change someone's mind. Unlike locutionary actions, external perlocutionary actions for performance. e.g., inspires, entices, or obstructs. Furthermore, Searle (1975) stated that the speech act is interpreted as an action changing the universe of conversation when a speaker says it, and a recipient understands it. It may be spoken as well as written, or even expressed via some other communication from such as sign language. Meanwhile, specific to illucotionary act, it can be divided into five types (Searle, in Croddy, 2002). Those are assertive/representative, directives, commissive, expressive, and declarative. Table 1 Types of Illucotionary Act (Searle, 1975in Croody, 2002 Types of Illocutionary Acts Purposes Assertive/ representative to tell information about some states of affairs of the world from the speaker to the hearer, for instance assert, claim, state, complain, explain, and conclude. Directives when the speaker request or command the hearer to do something for the speaker for instance order, command, suggest, request, ask, beg, pray, and advise. Commisive to show that the speaker promises to do something by expressing the purpose for instance promise, offer, threat, or any other words that match the criteria of commissive Expressive to show the expression of the speaker via utterance by the more performance of the speech act or reveal the speaker's state of mind about a situation for instance congratulate, console, thanks, apologies, welcome, etc. Declarative when the speaker brings about some state of affairs by the more performance of the speech act or purpose to create a change for instance declare, name, call, define, nominate, appoint, resing, etc.
Commonly, in conversation, speech acts have easily to be found. In the movie, a conversation has the ability to be a good example of speech acts because the fact that it is representing the complex case of the speech act in order to know what the main character does by mean of saying something. In this instance, the essential part of a movie is a script due to the fact that it contains the dialogue spoken by characters in the movie. This research only focused on the analysis of the illocutionary act performed by Anna the secondary character in Frozen II movie. The present study was addressed to answer the following research question: what are the illocationary acts performed by Anna the secondary character in Frozen II movie

METHOD
The purpose of this study was to unearth the illocutionary act performed by Anna the secondary character in Frozen II movie. Frozen II is one of the most famous movies that was released on 20 November 2019 and directed by Jennifer Lee, one of the great directors in the US and has directed many movies for instance Frozen II (2019), Frozen (2013), and Wreck-it Ralph (2012).
The researchers use a qualitative research framework in content anaylis method. The object of the research was the movie script. According to it, there were 218 utterances that can be categorized as illocutionary acts performed by Anna the second character. The utterances then were analyzed, categories and grouped into types of illocationnary acts URL: http://jim.unindra.ac.id/index.php/jedu/index DOI: https://doi.org/xx.xxxxx/xx.xxxx.xxxx by Searle (1975in Croody, 2002. The findings were presented using tables and textual description.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
From 218 utterances of Anna from the movie scripts, they can be classified into types of illocutionary acts. There were 60 utterances of representative/assertive, 54 utterances of directive, 100 utterances of expressive, 5 utterances of commissive. Meanwhile, declarative utterances were not found on the script.

Assertive/Representative Utterances
Assertives are also found because Anna tries to represent a situation or condition which can be assumed as truth or falsity. It consists of 4 utterances agreeing, 6 utterances of complaining, 13 utterances of explaining, 3 utterances of hypothesis, 25 utterances of informing, 6 utterances of stating an opinion, 3 utterances of suggesting. Yule (1996:53) stated that assertive are those kinds of illocutionary acts that state what the speaker believes to be the case or not. Ana used Assertives to represent a condition or situation that can be assumed as truth or falsity. In the frozen II movie, the most dominant act uses by Anna is informing form. Anna uses informing form to emphasize the truth to expressed describing something.
For instance, Anna uttered "Ahtohallan. It's a magical river said to hold all the answers about the past". In this scene, Anna found the map that her parents used before to go to Ahtohallan. However, Olaf didn't understand what Ahtohallan is and asked Anna about Ahtohallan, so Anna explained it to make Olaf understand about it. According to Searle, one of the representative parts is a description of something, in this utterance describes Ahtohallan which is the key to answer about the past or Elsa's power.
The utterance "I don't think Olaf should get to rearrange. Doesn't matter" means that Anna stated her opinion that Olaf cheated in the game because Olaf rearranged his body to win the game, so this utterance is assertive. However, this utterance can be classified as a directive, that Anna wanted Olaf to play the game normally without arranging his body. It means this utterance can be a directive and assertive act.

Directive Utterances
The analysis illustrates that Anna frequently uses directives in her utterances. As Yule (1996:54) explained that directives are kinds of illocutionary acts that the speakers want someone else to do something. In this case, Anna uses four variety of acts that belong to directives. They are 31 utterances of commanding, 1 utterance of persuading, 17 utterances of requesting, 4 utterances of warning.
JEdu: Journal of English Education Pages 89-94, Volume 1, Number 2, July 2021 The utterance "Destroy the dam! Come on! Throw your boulders. That's it" is a directive act, as the scene in the movie Anna had known how to save Arendelle and the Enchanted Forest by destroying the dam. So, she commanded a rock giant to throw the boulders and destroy the dam. Based on Searle's statement that one of the directive act parts is commanding that has meaning to make someone do something for the speaker.
The utterance "Hey, Olaf, um, maybe just one of you should do it?"is a directive act because it shows that Anna states a request for Olaf to stop singing and let Elsa sing. In this scene, Olaf sings badly, and very loudly it is startled Anna so she could not focus on finding the source of the sound that had been bothering Elsa. As Searle said that one of the directive act parts is requesting that the meaning is the speaker requests something to somebody to do something. Please make sure they stay out of the kingdom until we return.

Commisive Utterances
As Yule (1996:54) argued that commisives are those use directives because he wants to express what he really wants. In this Analysis, shows that Anna uses some acts of warning because she is afraid with her sister struggling. She uses some acts of warning to make Elsa keep safe.
For instance, the utterance "I won't let anything happen to her" is commisive act. In this scene, Anna stated to the troll that she will protect her sister Elsa and will not leave her behind. It means that she promised that Elsa will be fine with her. According to Searle, one of commisive parts is promising the meaning; to give a promise to someone.
The utterance "Warm hugs?" is commisive act. In this scene Anna felt sad because of the fact that Olaf was flurrying away. He said to Anna that one thing s pemanent that is a love, Anna expresses it by offering Olaf a warm hug and Olaf still flurrying away.  1975) said the expressive act shows the speaker manner including apologies. As we can see, Anna shows her Apology to Kristoff and it is regarded as an apology of an expressive type of speech act.
The utterance "That's my grandfather... attacking the Northuldra leader... who wields no weapon." The words are expressive act. Anna was surprising because of the clue that her sister Elsa sent to her. Anna was very shocked about the truth that her grandfather attacked the Northuldra leader which happened in the past.
The utterance "If anyone can resolve the past... if anyone can save Arendelle and free this forest, it's you. I believe in you, Elsa. More than anyone or anything" is an expressive act. In this scene, Elsa, Anna, and Olaf get a clue in regards to their parent passed away cause. Their parent died due to drowning while on a cruise which aims to find the source of Elsa's power. Elsa felt sad, she blamed herself and cried. Therefore, Ana felt sad and wanted to cheer up her sister by complimenting her.

CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis of 218 data of illocutionary acts, the researcher found some types that showed the type of illocutionary and the function. A variety of utterances used contains assertive/representative, directive, commisive, and expressive. From the study above that, it can be found that the types of illocutionary act performed by Anna the secondary character in Frozen movie consist of expressive (100 utterances), the second is representatives at 60 statements, the third is directive at 54 statements, the fourth is commission at 5 statements, and the last is declarative at 0 statement. It shows that Anna's utterance shows the expression of a psychological state or to state what Anna feels.